Otolaryngology-head and neck surgery is a surgical subspecialty in the medical and surgical management and treatment that deals with disorders and diseases of ear, nose, and throat along with related structures of head and neck. (Otorhinolaryngologists are commonly referred to as ENT physician).
Otolaryngologist’s journey
Otolaryngology is a 15 years of college and post-graduate training for qualifying in certification by the American Board of otolaryngology,15 years journey of the applicant consists the first complete college four years, medical school four years and five years of specialty training. Finally the physician must pass the American Board of Otolaryngology Examination.
Additionally ,some otolaryngologist surgeons pursue one or two year fellowship for more in depth training of a subspecialty areas including allergy ,fiscal plastic and reconstructive surgery, head and neck, laryngology (throat), otology/neurology (ears , balance, and tinnitus), pediatric otolaryngology (children), rhinology (nose) and sleep disorders.
Otolaryngologist treat infectious diseases caused in ears, nose, sinuses, larynx (voice box), mouth and throat and various treatments for neck and face.
Ears:
Otorhinolaryngologists are specialized in medical and surgical treatment of hearing loss ,ear infections ,balance disorders ear noise ,Perforated eardrum otitis media (Middle ear inflammation) otitis externa (Outer ear or ear canal inflammation), Mastoiditis.
Nose:
Rhinology is the specialty for nasal dysfunction and sinus diseases mostly diseases are Nasal obstruction, Sinusitis Environmental Allergies, Rhinitis (irritation and inflammation of mucous membrane), Empty nose Syndrome.
Throat:
Laryngology is the specialty for throat diseases like Dysphonia (lower Pitch voice), spasmodic dysphonia (throat muscle spasm),Tracheostomy (blockage in throat) and Cancer of the larynx.
Head and neck:
Squamous cell carcinoma (Oral Cavity pharynx and larynx), Oral cancer, Skin Cancer, Thyroid Cancer Endocrine surgery of Head and Neck, Skull base surgery ,Salivary gland cancer.
Otolaryngology Specialties:
Allergy: Allergy shots major sensitive allergies including pollen,dust,mold,food that effect ear, nose , and throat
Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery: abnormalities cause in face and neck and ear.
Head and Neck: Cancerous and noncancerous tumors in the head and neck (nose, mouth, throat, voice box and upper esophagus).
Laryngology: disorders of throat, voice and swallowing problems.
Otology/Neurotology: ear diseases, injury infection, benign tumors.
The study of Otolaryngology has established a remarkable field in medicine and surgery for diseases and infections caused in ear, nose, throat, head and neck. American Board of otolaryngology provides certifications for physicians in various otolaryngology specialties for a deeper research of upcoming disease in the future.